Level 3 — Failure

Failure Mode Catalog

Every documented failure across all platforms. Search by symptom, component, or severity. Link through to the full repair protocol.

Critical failures

All platforms

Cross-platform search

Verified

Source-backed protocols

Critical Failures

Browse by platform

critical

upper-body oscillation; foot-slip; IMU drift; corrective step failure

H2 · balance_control

critical

Bus voltage sag under peak demand; compute reset; actuator fault latches; sudden locomotion halt

Unitree H1-2 · Battery / DC bus regulation

critical

Erratic throttle response, complete loss of motor assist after wet exposure, burnt smell from controller, or corrosion on internal PCB.

Rad Power Commercial eBike · Motor controller and wiring enclosure

critical

insufficient reserve for return; unexpected landing; range shrink; SOC misestimate

Zipline P2 Zip · battery_energy_management

critical

Random joint lockups, unexplained torque spikes, watchdog resets during testing

Asimov Here Be Dragons · Prototype actuator controllers

critical

joint torque output drops to 60% of commanded, robot shifts to low-torque mode for affected limb, gear noise at low speed, joint vibration during slow controlled motion

Tesla Optimus Gen2 · rotary actuator (shoulder / hip — BLDC + cycloidal or planetary gearbox)

critical

Stem wobble or sudden collapse under rider weight, folding latch will not lock, creaking at hinge, or handlebars misaligned.

Lime Gen 4 E-scooter · Steering stem and folding latch

critical

Unexpected tip-over; cracked housing; IMU spike; loss of locomotion; joint actuator deformation

Unitree G1 · Chassis, limbs, onboard compute (whole-body impact)

critical

Haptic boundary error >3mm; robot fails to stop at planned resection boundary

Mako SmartRobotics System · accustop haptic boundary sensor

critical

instrument slip during tissue manipulation; loss of grip precision; unexpected tissue movement

MIRA · surgical_instrument_tip

critical

Failure to energize drive bus; welded/stuck contact; no power-on; random bus dropouts

Unitree B2 · Main battery contactor (high-current relay)

critical

cell temperature spike; BMS thermal alert; reduced power; emergency shutdown

H2 · battery_pack

critical

needle deflection; off-target placement; suture failure; tissue tear

BiTrack · needle_instrument

critical

actuator stalling; position error; unexpected motion; emergency halt

Torin · precision_actuator

critical

Brake engagement delayed >200ms; cart drifts 5-10mm on incline; brake motor current spikes during engagement

Ottava Robotic Surgical System · patient cart emergency brake system

critical

Cart drifts on incline; brake engagement delayed >200ms

da Vinci Surgical System (Xi / X / SP / 5) · patient cart brake / skid system

critical

joint stiffness increase, linear actuator audible buzz at near-max extension, gait deviation detected by Tesla's internal vision-based gait monitor, joint position error >1cm

Tesla Optimus Gen2 · proprietary linear actuator (leg push-rod / knee extension)

critical

power/fence wire absent from obstacle map; close-call near lines; radar blind at grazing incidence; no avoidance trigger

DJI Agras T50 · downward_obstacle_avoidance_radar

critical

joint position error alarms, gait asymmetry detected by IMU, joint makes clicking sound during stance phase, reduced torque output in affected limb

Figure 02 · leg actuator (knee / hip joint — harmonic drive + BLDC)

critical

tether fails to deploy; winch stall; package not released; retrieval failure

Zipline P2 Zip · delivery_winch_tether

critical

hip torque saturation; walking instability; fall risk; actuator thermal shutdown

H2 · hip_joint_actuator

critical

failed transition to cruise; high drag; stall warning; unrecoverable attitude

Zipline P2 Zip · transition_actuator_wing_rotor

critical

Cell temperature excursions, pack swelling, BMS overtemp alarms under load

Asimov Here Be Dragons · Custom 1200 Wh battery prototype

critical

unintended arm movement; tissue tension loss; drift from hold position; surgeon repositioning

Maestro · arm_actuator

TechMedix

Failure Mode Catalog

Critical Failures

upper-body oscillation; foot-slip; IMU drift; corrective step failure

Bus voltage sag under peak demand; compute reset; actuator fault latches; sudden locomotion halt

Erratic throttle response, complete loss of motor assist after wet exposure, burnt smell from controller, or corrosion on internal PCB.

insufficient reserve for return; unexpected landing; range shrink; SOC misestimate

Random joint lockups, unexplained torque spikes, watchdog resets during testing

joint torque output drops to 60% of commanded, robot shifts to low-torque mode for affected limb, gear noise at low speed, joint vibration during slow controlled motion

Stem wobble or sudden collapse under rider weight, folding latch will not lock, creaking at hinge, or handlebars misaligned.

Unexpected tip-over; cracked housing; IMU spike; loss of locomotion; joint actuator deformation

Haptic boundary error >3mm; robot fails to stop at planned resection boundary

instrument slip during tissue manipulation; loss of grip precision; unexpected tissue movement

Failure to energize drive bus; welded/stuck contact; no power-on; random bus dropouts

cell temperature spike; BMS thermal alert; reduced power; emergency shutdown

needle deflection; off-target placement; suture failure; tissue tear

actuator stalling; position error; unexpected motion; emergency halt

Brake engagement delayed >200ms; cart drifts 5-10mm on incline; brake motor current spikes during engagement

Cart drifts on incline; brake engagement delayed >200ms

joint stiffness increase, linear actuator audible buzz at near-max extension, gait deviation detected by Tesla's internal vision-based gait monitor, joint position error >1cm

power/fence wire absent from obstacle map; close-call near lines; radar blind at grazing incidence; no avoidance trigger

joint position error alarms, gait asymmetry detected by IMU, joint makes clicking sound during stance phase, reduced torque output in affected limb

tether fails to deploy; winch stall; package not released; retrieval failure

hip torque saturation; walking instability; fall risk; actuator thermal shutdown

failed transition to cruise; high drag; stall warning; unrecoverable attitude

Cell temperature excursions, pack swelling, BMS overtemp alarms under load

unintended arm movement; tissue tension loss; drift from hold position; surgeon repositioning